This Week in History

1119 Death of Pope Gelasius II

1342 Death of Louis I, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1279)

1523 Sermon of Constanz: Zwingli defends 67 Schlussreden.

1559 Sir Thomas Pope English politician, benefactor, dies at about age 52.

1574 Sea battle of Reimerswaal – Admiral Boisot beats Spanish fleet.

1584 Birth of Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (d. 1647)

1587 Deventer and Zutphen surrender to Spain.

1595 William Shakespeare’s play Romeo and Juliet is probably first performed.

1597 Death of Elias Ammerbach, German organist (b. 1530)

1608 Death of Frederick I, Duke of Wnrttemberg (b. 1557)

1632 Birth of Johann Georg Graevius, German classical scholar and critic (d. 1703)

1647 Death of Francis Meres, English writer (b. 1565)

1663 Robert Sanderson Bishop of Lincoln (1660-63), dies.

1676 Death of Tsar Alexis I of Russia (b. 1629)

1676 Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia.

1676 Fjodor Aleksejevitsj becomes czar of Russia.

1678 Death of Jeronimo Lobo, Portuguese Jesuit missionary (b. 1593)

1688 Birth of Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish scientist and philosopher (d. 1772)

1689 Birth of Hubert K Poot Dutch poet.

1696 Death of Ivan V, Russian tsar;reigned from (1682-1689)

1696 Ivan V co-tsar of Russia (1682-89), dies.

1700 Birth of Daniel Bernoulli Basel Switzerland, mathematician (10 time French award).

1703 Birth of Carlmann Kolb composer.

1706 Death of Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset, English poet and courtier (b. 1638)

1711 Birth of Giuseppe Bonno, Austrian composer (d. 1788)

1715 Birth of Georg Christoph Wagenseil, Austrian composer (d. 1777)

1717 Birth of Jeffrey Amherst, British military leader (d. 1797)

1718 Birth of Paul Rabaut, French Huguenot pastor (d. 1794)

1728 John Gays’ “Beggar’s Opera” premieres in London.

1730 Death of Tsar Peter II of Russia (b. 1715)

1732 Paris churchyard Saint-MTdard closed after Jansenistic ritual.

1737 Birth of Thomas Paine, American patriot (d. 1809)

1737 Death of George Hamilton, 1st Earl of Orkney, British soldier (b. 1666)

1743 AndrT Hercule Fleury French cardinal (1726-43), dies.

1743 Death of Cardinal AndrT-Hercule de Fleury, Bishop of FrTjus, chief minister under Louis XV of France (b. 1653)

1749 Birth of King Christian VII of Denmark (d. 1808)

1754 Birth of Moses Cleaveland, founder of the city of Cleveland (d. 1806)

1756 Birth of Henry “Light Horse Harry” Lee (Republican/Governor-Virginia)/General/cavalryman.

1761 Birth of Abraham AA “Albert” Gallatin Switzerland, US minister of Finance (1801-14).

1763 Birth of J G Seume writer.

1763 Death of Louis Racine, French poet (b. 1692)

1781 Mozart’s opera “Idomeneo” premieres in Munich.

1782 Birth of Daniel Auber, French composer (d. 1871)

1783 Birth of Vasili A Zjukovski Russian folk poet/translator (Homerus).

1784 Birth of Ferdinand Ries composer.

1798 Birth of Henry Neele London, poet.

1801 Birth of Johannes Bernardus van Bree Dutch violinist/composer (Felix Meritis).

1802 John Beckley of Virginia appointed first Librarian of Congress.

1803 Birth of James Outram Bulterley Hall Derbyshire, General.

1810 Birth of Earnest E Kummer German mathematician.

1814 France defeated Russia and Prussia in the Battle of Brienne.

1814 Johann G Fichte German philosopher (Wissenschaftslehre), dies at age 51.

1820 Death of King George III of the United Kingdom (b. 1738)

1820 George III, king of Great Britain (1760-1820), dies at age 81.

1821 Birth of Isaac Ferdinand Quinby Brigadier General (Union volunteers), died in 1891.

1823 Birth of Franklin Gardner Major-General (Civil War-fought at Shiloh and Port Hudson).

1824 Birth of Karl von Perfall composer.

1824 Louise MC countess of Albany Henegouws salon owner, dies at age 71.

1829 Death of Paul Frantois Jean Nicolas Barras, French politician (b. 1755)

1834 President Jackson orders first use of US troops to suppress a labor dispute.

1834 US President Andrew Jackson orders first use of federal soldiers to suppress a labor dispute.

1836 Birth of Benjamin Franklin Potts Brevet Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1887.

1837 Aleksandr Pushkin poet/novelist/dramatist (Golden Cockeral), killed in a duel.

1839 Charles Darwin marries Emma Wedgwood.

1843 Birth of William McKinley, 25th President of the United States (d. 1901)

1845 Edgar Allen Poe’s “The Raven” first published (New York Evening Mirror).

1845 The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is published for the first time (New York Evening Mirror).

1846 Birth of Karol Olszewski, Polish scientist (d. 1915)

1848 Sicily accepts new Constitution (choose parliament/freedom of press).

1850 Birth of Ebenezer Howard London, pioneer of garden cities.

1850 Henry Clay introduces a comprise bill on slavery to US Senate.

1850 Henry Clay introduces the Compromise of 1850 to the U.S. Congress.

1852 Birth of Frederick Hymen Cowen composer.

1854 Birth of Willem PC Knuttel Dutch bibliographer/librarian.

1856 Queen Victoria institutes the Victoria Cross.

1856 Victoria Cross established to acknowledge bravery.

1860 American College established in Rome by Pope Pius IX.

1860 Birth of Anton Chekhov, Russian writer (d. 1904)

1861 Kansas becomes 34th state.

1861 Kansas is admitted as the 34th U.S. state.

1862 Birth of Frederick Delius, English composer (d. 1934)

1863 Battle at Bear River Washington: US Army versus Indians.

1863 Bear River Massacre.

1864 Battle of Moorefield, West Virginia (Rosser’s Raid).

1864 Birth of Adolf Philipp composer.

1866 Birth of Romain Rolland, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1944)

1867 Birth of Vicente Blasco Ib߱ez Spain, writer (4 Horsemen of Apocalypse).

1869 Birth of Andrey Vladimirovich Scherbachov composer.

1870 Death of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1797)

1871 Birth of Eduardo Lopez-Chavarri y Marco composer.

1872 Francis L Cardoza elected State Treasurer of South Carolina.

1873 Birth of Luigi A duke of the Abruzzes, Italy, explorer/climber (Mt Saint Elias).

1874 Birth of John D. Rockefeller Jr., American entrepreneur (d. 1960)

1874 US Congress passes an act allowing the Bureau of the Mint to produce coinage for foreign governments.

1876 Birth of Havergal Brian, British composer (d. 1972)

1878 Birth of Barney Oldfield Ohio, daredevil.

1879 Antonia MB Antonucci Italian cardinal/diplomat, dies at age 80.

1879 Custer Battlefield National Monument, Montana established.

1880 Birth of W.C. Fields, American actor (d. 1946)

1884 Birth of Juhan Aavic composer.

1885 Birth of Leadbelly, American musician (d. 1949)

1886 Karl Benz in Karlsruhe patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile.

1886 Karl Benz patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile.

1887 Birth of Albert Conti Trieste Austria; actor (Jazz Heaven, Doomed Battalion).

1888 Edward Lear poet/author, dies at age 75.

1889 Birth of Francisco Santiago composer.

1890 Birth of Marguerite Canal composer.

1891 Birth of Elizaveta Gerdt, Russian ballerina (d. 1975)

1891 Liliuokalani is proclaimed Queen of Hawaii, its last monarch.

1891 Liliuokalani is proclaimed Queen of Hawaii, its last monarch.

1892 Birth of Clifford Gray US, bobsled (Olympics-gold-1928).

1893 Birth of Edric Cundell composer.

1895 King Koko’s Kopermannen assault on Akassa Niger, 100’s killed.

1896 Birth of Teddy Hoad cricket player (pioneering West Indian Test batsman).

1896 Emile Grubbe is first doctor to use radiation treatment for breast cancer.

1898 Birth of Fernand Quinet Belgian cellist/composer/conductor (La Guerre).

1899 Alfred Sisley painter, dies.

1899 Robert J Fruin Dutch historian (80-year war), dies at age 75.

1900 Birth of Marco Tajcevic composer.

1900 Boers under Joubert beat English at Spionkop Natal, 2,000 killed.

1900 The American League is organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania with 8 founding teams.

1900 The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, also known as the American League, is organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania with eight founding teams in Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Milwaukee, and Minneapolis.

1901 Birth of Allen B DuMont inventor (perfected commercial practical cathode ray tube).

1901 Death of Milan I, King of Serbia (b. 1855)

1903 Birth of Cornelis H Edelman Dutch geologist.

1903 Dutch railroad workers strike.

1905 Birth of Barnett Newman, American painter (d. 1970)

1906 Birth of Franciscus Hin Holland, yachtsman (Olympics-gold-1920).

1906 Christaan IX King of Denmark (1893-1906), dies.

1906 Coen de King skates world record time: 32,370 km.

1906 Death of King Christian IX of Denmark (b. 1818)

1908 Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, at Cornell University, incorporates.

1908 Birth of Adam Clayton Powell (Representative-Democrat-New York, 1945-70).

1909 Birth of Alan Marshal Sydney Australia; actor (White Cliffs of Dover, Lydia).

1910 Birth of Colin Middleton, Irish artist (d. 1983)

1910 Edouard Rod French/Swiss writer (Mishel’ Tes’e), dies at age 52.

1911 Birth of Peter von Siemens, German industrialist (d. 1986)

1912 Birth of Jacob “Jaap” Balk journalist (AH, Onder de Keizerskroon).

1912 Hermann Bang writer, dies at age 54.

1912 Martial law declared in textile strike in Lawrence Massachusetts.

1913 Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, at Howard University, incorporates.

1913 Birth of Peter von Zahn, German journalist and writer (d. 2001)

1915 Birth of Victor Mature, American actor (d. 1999)

1916 Birth of Barbara Skelton writer.

1916 Edward Hubertus Joannes Keurvils composer, dies at age 62.

1916 First bombings of Paris by German Zeppelins takes place.

1916 World War I: Paris is first bombed by German zeppelins .

1917 Birth of John Raitt Santa Ana California; actor/singer (Chevy Show, Pajama Game).

1917 English submarine K13 leaves Gaire Loch.

1917 Evelyn Baring Earl Cromer English consul-General in Egypt, dies at age 75.

1918 Birth of John Forsythe, American actor

1918 Death of Aleksei Maksimovich Kaledin, Russian counter revolutionary (b. 1861)

1919 Birth of Norman F Simpson British playwright (One Way Pendulum).

1919 Secretary of state proclaims the 18th amendment (prohibition).

1920 Birth of Alec Coppen psychiatrist.

1920 Walt Disney starts first job as an artist; $40 week with Kansas City Slide Co.

1921 Billy Gunn cricket player (score 392 runs for England including a century), dies.

1921 Birth of Anthony George, American actor (d. 2005)

1921 Hurricane hits Washington and Oregon.

1922 Union of Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador dissolved.

1923 Birth of Paddy Chayefsky, American writer (d. 1981)

1924 Birth of Luigi Nono, Italian composer (d. 1990)

1924 Ice cream cone rolling machine patented by Carl Taylor, Cleveland, Ohio.

1925 Birth of Pier Tania (Meinte Piet); radio/TV host (ANP, De Bezetting).

1925 British Liberals choose David Lloyd George as party leader.

1926 Birth of Franco Cerri, Italian musician

1927 4th German government of Wilhelm Marx forms.

1927 Birth of Edward Abbey, American environmentalist (d. 1989)

1928 Birth of Lee Shau Kee, Hong Kong property developer

1928 Death of Douglas Haig, British soldier (b. 1861)

1928 Douglas Haig, first Earl Haig, British field marshal (Sudan/Boer war/WWI), dies at age 66.

1929 Birth of Gordon Solie, wrestling announcer (d. 2000)

1929 The Seeing Eye Dog organization is formed.

1931 Birth of Leslie Bricuse; English/US composer (“Stop the world I want to get off”).

1932 Birth of Tommy Taylor, English footballer (d. 1958)

1932 Cricket test debut of Bill O’Reilly, versus South Africa at Adelaide.

1933 Birth of Margaret Laird; Commissioner (Third Church Estates).

1933 Death of Sara Teasdale, American poet (b. 1884)

1933 President of Germany Paul von Hindenburg appoints Adolf Hitler as Chancellor of Germany.

1934 Death of Fritz Haber, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1868)

1934 Fritz Haber, German chemist (Nobel Prize 1918), dies at age 65.

1936 Birth of James Jamerson, Electric Bass legend & Motown’s master of groove. (d. 1983)

1936 The first inductees into the Baseball Hall of Fame are announced.

1936 The U.S. Baseball Hall of Fame elects first members in Cooperstown, New York: Ty Cobb, Babe Ruth, Honus Wagner, Christy Matthewson, and Walter Johnson.

1938 Birth of Bill Christian; American ice hockey player (Olympics-gold-1960).

1939 Birth of Germaine Greer, Australian writer

1940 Birth of Katharine Ross, American actress

1941 Greek Prime Minister General Ioannis Metaxas dies unexpectedly. The new Greek prime minister invites British forces in for protection against Germany and Italy.

1942 Birth of Claudine Longet, French singer and dancer

1942 German and Italian troops occupy Benghazi.

1942 Peru and Ecuador sign Protocol of Rio (boundary determination).

1944 285 German bombers attack London, England.

1944 The battleship USS Missouri is launched.

1944 World War II: About 38 men, women, and children die in the Koniuchy massacre in Poland.

1944 World War II: The Battle of Cisterna takes place in central Italy.

1945 Birth of Jim Nicholson, Irish politician

1946 Death of Harry Hopkins, American politician (b. 1890)

1946 Harry L Hopkins, American minister of Business (Loan and Lease law), dies at age 55.

1946 In Kiev, a military tribunal senetences twelve German officers and soldiers to hanging for the murder of Soviets. Four others receive prison sentences of 15-20 years.

1946 The government of Canada announces that all German war prisoners in the country will be moved to Great Britain.

1947 Birth of Linda B. Buck, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

1947 Fred Barratt, cricket player (5 wickets at 47 in five Tests for England 1929-30), dies.

1948 Birth of Cristina Saralegui, American talk-show host

1948 Commissioner Happy Chandler fines the New York Yankees, Chicago Cubs, and Philadelphia Phillies US$500 each for signing high school players.

1949 Britain, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand and Switzerland recognize Israel.

1950 Birth of Ann Jillian, American actress

1950 Death of Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1885)

1951 Birth of Andy Roberts; cricket player (brilliant West Indies quickie with 202 wickets 74-84).

1951 Death of Frank Tarrant, Australian cricketer (b. 1880)

1951 James Bridie [Osborne Henry Mavor], dramatist, dies.

1951 US Major League Baseball signs six year All-Star pact for TV-radio rights for US$6 million.

1952 Birth of Tommy Ramone, Hungarian-born musician and record producer (The Ramones)

1953 Birth of Hwang Woo-Suk, South Korean biomedical scientist

1954 Birth of Richard “Handsome Dick” Manitoba, American singer (The Dictators and MC5)

1955 Birth of John Tate; American heavyweight boxer (Olympics-bronze-1968).

1955 Hans Hedtoft, premier of Denmark (1947-55), dies at age 51.

1955 John William Cox buys Yankee Stadium, sells grounds to Knights of Columbus, later leaves structure to Rice University (1962).

1956 Death of H. L. Mencken, American journalist (b. 1880)

1956 H[enry] L[ouis] Mencken, American essayist/critic/satirist (Smart Set), dies in Baltimore, Maryland at age 75.

1957 Birth of Grazyna Miller, Italian poet, translator, and journalist

1958 Birth of Ole Mortensen; cricket player (pace bowler for Derbyshire and Denmark).

1958 Murderer Charles Starkweather captured by police in Wyoming, USA.

1958 Police capture Charles Starkweather in Wyoming.

1959 Sleeping Beauty, an animated feature produced by Walt Disney based upon a fairy tale, was first released.

1960 Birth of Gia Carangi, American model (d. 1986)

1961 Birth of Mike Aldrete; US baseball infielder (Oakland Athletics, New York Yankees).

1961 US female Figure Skating championship won by Laurence Owen.

1961 US male Figure Skating championship won by Bradley Lord.

1962 Birth of Nicholas Turturro, American actor

1962 Death of Fritz Kreisler, Austrian violinist (b. 1875)

1962 Fritz Kreisler, Austria/US violinist/composer, dies at age 86.

1963 Birth of Michelle Bell in Melrose, Massachusetts, USA; LPGA golfer (1981 Mass School Girls Champ).

1963 Death of Robert Frost, American poet (b. 1874)

1963 First inductees into the Pro Football Hall of Fame are announced.

1963 Robert Lee Frost, American poet (New Hampshire, four Pulitzers), dies at age 88.

1963 The first inductees into the Pro Football Hall of Fame are announced. They are Jim Thorpe, Red Grange and George Halas.

1964 1964 Winter Olympic Games open in Innsbruck, Austria.

1964 Birth of Andre Reed, American football player

1964 Death of Alan Ladd, American actor (b. 1913)

1964 Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb is released in the US

1964 Most lopsided high-school basketball score: 211-29 (Louisiana).

1964 NBC purchases AFL five-year (1965-69) TV rights for US$36 million.

1964 (to February 9) The IX Olympic Winter Games are held in Innsbruck, Austria.

1965 Birth of Dominik Hasek, Czech hockey player

1966 Birth of Rom�rio, Brazilian footballer

1966 Lawry and Simpson complete 244 opening stand versus England, Adelaide.

1966 Snow storm in north-east US kills 165.

1966 The first of 608 performances of Sweet Charity opens at the Palace Theatre in New York City.

1966 US female Figure Skating championship won by Peggy Fleming.

1966 US male Figure Skating championship won by Scott Allen.

1967 Birth of David Pitcher; Canadian Football League fullback (Winnipeg Blue Bombers).

1967 Branch Rickey and Lloyd Waner elected to Baseball Hall of Fame.

1967 Kees Verkerk becomes European skating champ.

1968 Birth of Edward Burns, American actor

1968 Laxmidas Purshottamdas Jai; cricket player (Test for India), dies.

1968 Nauru adopts constitution.

1969 Birth of Thomas Jane, American actor

1969 Death of Allen Dulles, American Central Intelligence Agency director (b. 1893)

1969 Jimi Hendrix and Peter Townshend wage a battle of guitars.

1969 Sheahan and Connolly hang on for exciting draw Australia versus West Indies.

1970 Basil H Liddell Hart, English military historian, dies at age 74.

1970 Birth of Heather Graham, American actress

1970 Death of Basil Liddell Hart, British historian (b. 1895)

1970 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakstan/Semipalatinsk.

1971 Birth of Chris Vargas; Canadian Football League quarterback (Winnipeg Blue Bombers).

1971 Test debut of Dennis Keith Lillee, versus England at Adelaide.

1972 5th ABA All-Star Game: East 142 beats West 115 at Louisville.

1972 Birth of Hessley Hempstead; NFL guard (Detroit Lions).

1973 Birth of Jason Schmidt, baseball player

1974 27th NHL All-Star Game: West beat East 6-4 at Chicago.

1974 Birth of David LaFleur; tight end (Dallas Cowboys).

1975 Birth of Sara Gilbert, American actress

1975 West Indies wins Fifth Test against India to take exciting series 3-2.

1976 Birth of Ilmira Shamsutdinova; Miss Russia-Universe/best costume (1996).

1976 Zeiss planetarium in Hague, Netherlands, destroyed by fire.

1977 Birth of Martin Hohenberger; hockey forward (Team Austria 1998).

1977 Death of Buster Nupen, South African cricketer (b. 1902)

1977 E P “Buster” Nupen, cricket player (50 wickets for South Africa, lost eye), dies.

1978 Birth of Rob Bironas, American football player

1978 Joanne Carner wins Colgate Triple Crown Match-Play Golf Championship.

1978 Sweden outlaws aerosol sprays due to their harmful effect on the ozone layer, becoming the first nation to enact such a ban.

1978 Sweden outlaws aerosol sprays due to their harmful effect on the ozone layer, becoming the first nation to enact such a ban.

1979 9th NFL Pro Bowl: NFC beats AFC 13-7.

1979 Birth of Sui Feifei, Chinese basketball player

1979 Brenda Spencer kills two, inspires Boomtown Rats’ song “I Don’t Like Mondays”.

1979 Chinese vice-premier Deng Xiaoping visits Washington DC.

1979 President Jimmy Carter commutes Patricia Hearst’s seven-year sentence to two years.

1980 Birth of Yael Bar Zohar, Israeli actress and model

1980 Cleveland Cavaliers beat Los Angeles Lakers 154-153 in quadruple overtime.

1980 Death of Jimmy Durante, American actor, singer, and comedian (b. 1893)

1981 American League approves sale of Chicago White Sox to Jerry Reinsdorf and Eddie Einhorn for US$20 million, and 80 percent of Seattle Mariners to George Argyros for US$104 million.

1981 Birth of Jonny Lang, American musician

1982 Old Dominion ends Los Angeles Tech’s women’s basketball record 54-game win streak.

1982 Wayne Garland, baseball first millionaire free agent, waived by Cleveland Indians.

1983 Song “Down Under” by Men At Work hits #1 on United Kingdom pop chart.

1984 34th NBA All-Star Game: East beats West 154-145 (overtime) at Denver, Colorado.

1984 Birth of Nuno Morais, Portuguese football player.

1984 NFL Pro Bowl: NFC beats AFC 45-3.

1984 Silvia Bertolaccini wins LPGA Mazda Golf Classic of Deer Creek.

1984 US President Ronald Reagan formally announces he will seek a second term.

1985 Jari Kurri of Edmonton Oilers scores 100th point of season in game 39.

1986 Birth of Drew Tyler Bell, American actor

1986 Death of Leif Erickson, American actor (b. 1911)

1986 In southern Sumatra, Indonesia, a magnitude 5.0 earthquake occurs.

1986 Yoweri Museveni is sworn in as President of Uganda.

1986 Yoweri Museveni sworn in as President of Uganda.

1987 Birth of Spencer Clark, American race car driver (d. 2006)

1987 William J Casey ends term as 13th director of US Central Intelligence Agency.

1988 Bantcho Bantchevsky, US opera singer, commits suicide.

1988 Birth of Owen Garvan, Irish football player.

1988 Canadian Ben Johnson breaks own 50-yard dash world record at 5.15s.

1988 Detroit Tigers’ Kirk Gibson signs a 3-year contract with Los Angeles Dodgers.

1988 James R Killian Jr, MIT president (1948-59), dies at age 83.

1988 Largest NBA crowd-Boston Celtics at Detroit Pistons (61,938).

1988 Rogier van Otterloo, Dutch composer/conductor, dies at age 46.

1988 Talks break down between Sandinistas and Contras.

1988 The Midwest Classic Conference, a U.S. college athletic conference, is formed.

1988 United Airlines Boeing 747SP circles world in 36 hours 54 minutes 15 seconds.

1989 77th Australian Open Men Tennis: Ivan Lendl beats Miloslav Mecir (6-2, 6-2, 6-2).

1989 Cleveland Cavaliers’ Chris Dudley misses five free throws during one foul attempt.

1989 Death of Halina Konopacka Polish athlete (b. 1900)

1989 Dottie Mochrie wins Oldsmobile LPGA Golf Classic.

1989 Dow Jones Industrial Average jumps 38.06 to hit 2256.43; recoups 508-point loss since October 1987.

1989 Episcopal church appoints first female bishop.

1989 Game-winning RBI, official statistic dropped after nine years of use, New York Mets’ Keith Hernandez is the all-time leader with 129.

1989 NFL Pro Bowl: NFC beats AFC 34-3.

1989 USSR’s Phobos II enters Martian orbit.

1991 Battle for Khafji in Saudi Arabia begins.

1991 Death of Yasushi Inoue, Japanese historian (b. 1907)

1991 Jan OdT, Dutch pianist/director Sweelinck Conservatory, dies.

1991 Nelson Mandela and Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi meet in Durban after 28 years.

1991 Siad Barre is succeeded by Ali Mahdi Muhammad in Somalia.

1991 Yasushi Inoue, Japanese historian, dies (born 1907).

1992 Death of Willie Dixon, American composer and musician (b. 1915)

1992 Willie Dixon, American blues composer (“I’m a Man”, “Backdoor Man”), dies at age 76 (born 1915).

1993 Test debut of Vinod Kambli, prolific Indian batsman.

1994 Ulrike Maier, Olympic skier, breaks neck during world cup skiing at age 26.

1995 Arthur Guy Clutton-Brock, English agronomist (Rhodesia), dies at age 88.

1995 Chris de Marigny, painter/designer, dies at age 52.

1995 Greg Blewett scores century on Test debut versus England, Adelaide.

1995 Raymond Joseph Cecil, British architect, dies at age 69.

1995 Richard Desborough Burnell, British oarsman (Olympics-gold-1948), dies at age 77.

1995 Super Bowl XXIX: The San Francisco 49ers defeat the San Diego Chargers 49-26 and become the first NFL team to win five Super Bowl titles.

1995 Tatachilla Lutheran College officially opens at McLaren Vale, South Australia.

1995 The San Francisco 49ers become the first NFL franchise to win five Super Bowl games, as they defeat the San Diego Chargers 49-26 in Super Bowl XXIX at Joe Robbie Stadium in Miami, Florida.

1996 23rd American Music Awards: Garth Brooks wins.

1996 A Greek flag is hoisted on a small rocky island named Imia (Greek) / Kardak (Turkish).

1996 Birth of Megan Jossa, English actress.

1996 Fire destroys La Fenice, Venice’s opera house.

1996 John Terence Reese, bridge master, dies at age 82.

1996 La Fenice, Venice’s opera house, is destroyed by fire.

1996 Last day of Test cricket for David Boon.

1996 President Jacques Chirac announces a “definitive end” to French nuclear testing.

1996 President Jacques Chirac announces a “definitive end” to French nuclear testing.

1997 Eric Schneider, murderer of two teachers, executed in Missouri at age 35.

1997 Louis Pauwels, writer/editor, dies at age 76.

1998 Death of Joseph Alioto, mayor of San Francisco (b. 1916)

1998 In Birmingham, Alabama, a bomb explodes at an abortion clinic, killing one and severely wounding another. Serial bomber Eric Robert Rudolph is suspected as the culprit.

1998 In Birmingham, Alabama, a bomb explodes at an abortion clinic, killing one and severely wounding another. Serial bomber Eric Rudolph is the prime suspect.

1998 Soyuz TM-27 launches to MIR space station.

1998 Thick fog causes highway carnage in Belgium and Netherlands, six die.

1999 Death of Lili St. Cyr, American dancer (b. 1918)

2001 Thousands of student protesters in Indonesia storm parliament and demand that President Abdurrahman Wahid resign due to alleged involvement in corruption scandals.

2002 Death of Harold Russell, Canadian-born actor (born 1914).

2002 In his State of the Union Address, United States President George W. Bush describes “regimes that sponsor terror” as an Axis of Evil, in which he includes Iraq, Iran and North Korea.

2003 Death of Frank Moss, U.S. Senator from Utah (born 1911).

2003 In Cambodia, Thai-owned hotels, offices, and factories are burned and looted, following a misleading interpretation of a Thai television actress’s comments about Angkor Wat temple.

2004 A whale explodes in the town of Tainan, Taiwan. A build-up of gas in the decomposing 56-foot long Sperm whale is suspected of causing the explosion.

2004 Death of M. M. Kaye, British writer (born 1908).

2005 Death of Eric Griffiths, Welsh guitarist (The Quarrymen) (b. 1940)

2006 ABC News co-anchor Bob Woodruff and his cameraman Doug Vogt were severly injured in Iraq following a car blast.

2006 Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah is sworn in as the Emir of Kuwait.

2007 A suicide bomber kills three people in a bakery in Eilat, Israel.

2008 Iran’s judiciary sentences to prison 54 Bah�’? Faith followers for ‘anti-regime propaganda’.

2009 Ford Motor Company reports a record US$14.6 billion full-year loss.